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Singapore Tourist Guides — Environment  Singapore lies at the southern-most tip of the Malay Peninsula, close to the equator. It consists of Singapore Island, measuring approximately 42 km wide and 23 km long, and 58 other small islands. It is about 655 square km in area, just about three and a half times the size of Washington D.C. Singapore's climate is hot and steamy. The temperatures range between 22 degrees Centigrade and 30 degrees Centigrade, and humidity at a high 75%. Singapore's rainy season is from November to January, with its drier months being May to July. Intermittent, short showers, however, can be expected through out the year. About 50% of the Singapore is urban area, with the main city area concentrated in the south along the banks of the Singapore river. The central business district is at the river mouth, and is conjoined by Chinatown. Singapore's colonial districts lie north of the business district, and further north one encounters the multi-ethnicity of Singapore with its Arab Street and the distinctive area of Little India. Jurong is an urban concentration on the west, comprising mostly of an industrial district. Its older residential districts, the international airport, and a major beach park make the East Coast remarkable. Huge complexes housing Singapore's mushrooming population lie in the northeast. Singapore is connected to the Malayan mainland by two causeways, the older of which is a 1 km causeway to Johor Bahru. The remaining 40% of Singapore's miniscule land mass is taken up by forestland, developed parks, plantations, reservoirs and open military areas. To compensate for its lack of natural space and flora and fauna, a number of parks and natural reserves have been developed, which house flower gardens, zoos, bird sanctuaries, beaches and even rainforests. Most of the zoos and parks simulate the natural environment and avoid confining the animals in cages as far as possible. One of the few primary jungle spaces left on the island is in the Botanical Garden, which also has the world's largest display of orchids, and over 60,000 plants. The Bukit Timah Natural Reserve, one of the world's few rainforests within city areas, has more plant species than the whole of North America, and is home to such rare specimens of animals such as lemurs, pangolins, long tailed Macaques, mouse deer and thousands of others. East Coast Park, South City Park and Fort Canning Park have many tourist playground attractions. The world's largest bat, the flying fox can be found on Pulau Ubin, one of the islands off the mainland. Singapore also sees thousands of migratory birds. The Jurong Bird Park exhibits over 8000 birds of 600 species. Singapore's zoo is one of the worlds most famous, with its unique Night Safari. It houses over 2000 animals, including 40 endangered species.
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